Anemometer
Anemometers are used to measure wind speed. The anemometer shown here is a so-called cup anemometer. It is a robust instrument that does not have to be aligned relative to the wind direction (unlike the Pitot tube, for example). The wind causes the cups to rotate, and the speed of rotation is a measure of the wind speed. Cup anemometers can be seen at all the better weather stations, e.g. at airports or on ships.
unknown / 20th century
Horizontal seismometer type B5h
Actually blasting vibration meter according to Dr. Baule, type B5h, electrodynamic for recording the horizontal components of seismic vibrations. The recording of the vibration motion is done by a mirror galvanometer on paper film.
Hottinger-Messtechnik, 1962
Double compass according to Bidlingmaier
Hand-held instrument for roughly determining the magnitude of the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field on moving platforms (e.g. at sea). The compass has two compass needles arranged one above the other, each of which would point in the direction of the magnetic poles. Since the magnetic compass needles interact not only with the earth's magnetic field but also with each other, a spread angle is created between them, which provides information about the strength of the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field.
unknown . unknown / ca. 1935-1940
Geophone
The geophone consists of a permanent magnet that can move within an induction coil. If the magnet moves relative to the coil due to ground movement, a current is induced in the coil, which is the measurement signal. The terms geophone and seismograph are not sharply separated. Usually, geophone is reserved for small portable instruments that are sensitive to high frequencies, while seismographs can also be heavy and designed for lower frequencies.
unknown / 20th century
Transportable horizontal seismograph
Seismograph for measuring the horizontal component of earthquakes and seismic waves. The movement of the housing relative to the 12 kg slanted inertial mass is transmitted mechanically to a mirror via a lever and thread. The light from a suitable light source is reflected by the mirror and the movement of the mirror is recorded on photographic paper. The magnification of the oscillating movement by the light pointer is 8000 at a distance of 1 m from the mirror.
Self-made precision mechanics geophysics, Göttingen / 1937
Collection of Historical Objects at the Institute of Geophysics
The Institute of Geophysics has its origins in the Geomagnetic Institute, which was founded in January 1898 as a spin-off of "Department B" of the University of Göttingen Observatory. On 2 July 1898, the Erdmagnetisches Institut was expanded into a Geophysical Institute, with Emil Wiechert appointed as its director. This created the world's first institute for geophysics. The Institute's collection was only established in 1997 and contains mainly equipment and apparatus for geodetic and geomagnetic measurements from the 19th and early 20th centuries.
